Boarding for building houses from cast material



Feb, 3, 1925. 1,525,217

F. ZOLLINGER BOARDING FOR BUILDING HOUSES FROM GAST MATERIAL File'd Jan. 11, 1922 Patented Feb. 3, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRIEDRICH ZOLLINGER, OF MERSEB'RG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP INTERNATIONALE BOUWVERG-UNNINGSRECHT MAATSCHAPPIJ NONPLUS, OF ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS.

BOARDING FOR BUILDING HOUSES FROM CAST MATERIAL.

Application filed January 11, 1922. Serial No. 528,458.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, F nrnDRroH ZOLLINGER, a citizen of the German Empire, residing at Merseburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boarding for Building Houses from Cast Material, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to facilitate the manufacture of buildings from cast l0 material by means of certain definite types of boardings or casing for such cast material, of which a supply may be made on a manufacturing scale by composing them from several individual equivalent parts by means of a restricted number of individual connecting members. By means of such boardings I am enabled to manufacture cast buildings and models in a short time also in accordance with new building plans. Thus, among other uses, the invention is intended to facilitate the erection of comparatively inexpensive cast buildings without the aid of skilled architectural experts, inasmuch as by this means the manufacture of a home becomes possible by proceeding according to instructions. ferred form of construction of this invention the several sections of the boarding may be detachably connected to each other without the use of nails or screws, and a boarding', casing or facing according to thisA invention after having been used once, may be again connected and put up in the order in which the parts have been taken apartv 3 upon a fresh building ground in the vicinity or otherwise in view of the corresponding formation of the upper` and lower frame standards, and the new boarding is, therefore, particularly adapted for the rapid ings in settler colonies and the like. The readily detachable attachment of the pannels to the standards of the boarding is preferably and advantageously effected by means of clamping or collar beams that are adapted to be inverted or turned.

In View of the great reduction of wear and waste produced by the improved construc-y tion and mode of employment of boardings :so or facings the same may be used a great number of times in succession so that this structure is highly economical.

The invention will be understood from the accompanying drawings illustrating embodi- In accordance with a pre-v erection of series of dwellings of cast buildments of the invention by way of example.

Figure l is an elevation of the casting mould- Figure ltl shows a wall pannel of the boarding in longitudinal section-Fig. lh illustrates the junction of the clamping beam of the wall pannel in transverse section.-Figu1e 2 is a longitudinal section through the mould on the line A-B of Figure 1.-Figure 2a is a side view of one of the standards-Figure 3 is a transverse section through va part of the boarding on the line C-D of Figure l.-Figure 4 is a transverse section through a corner of the mould-Figure 5 illustrates the mounting of the lower partof the mouldupon the wall and the ceiling-Figures 6, 6a and 6" illustrate respectively an insertion piece of the moulding frame for a window in front view, side view and plan view respectively- In Figures 7 7: I have shown several views of the binding pieces or posts for connecting the upper and the lower frame standards of the boarding', and on which the thickness of the wall of such cast walls depends.

As is apparent from Figures l to 3 each section of the boarding or facing is made up of four main parts. It possesses the frame posts l which are mounted on both sides of the boarding; they are of identical shape on lthe upper and lower sides of the boarding, and are provided with end-to-end openings G, and are connected to binding pieces 3 (Figure 7) having dove-tailed ends 8. e11- gageable with corresponding recesses lT of the frame posts, and determining the thickness of the wall. Standards l are inserted in the end-to-end openings G of the upper and lower frame posts. The section also comprises the wall pannel 2 with the longitudinal -stiifening stays 9, and the central transverse stiffening' 1G, to which the turning or pivotal bolt 16 of the clamping and collar beam 5 is secured.

The entire boarding is assembled from these four elements, and only at the corners some supplementary plates may eventuallv be attached. t

The setting up of the boarding or facing is effected by irst assembling the lower frame postsl by means of the binding vpieces 3 corresponding to the desired outlines of the plan; then, upon the support obtained the foundation, wall or ceiling, is mounted. After inserting the standards 4f with their tenons .into the .holes 6 ofthe frame posts 1, and after connecting the upper frame posts and parts in the same manner the pannels 2 which are laterally engageable between the standards 4f, and which have groove-andtenon connection with the boards, so as to prevent displacement thereof are secured to the standards 4t by means ofthe Wooden beams or cross bars 5. The ends of the cross bars 5 are preferably provided with the projections or tenons 1l having inwardly shouldered inclined sides (Figure 1b). .By means of the arrangement .of the long cross bar 5 which is somewhat spring acti-ng between its ends, and which is mounted in the eenter'of .the board 10 (Figure 3) connecting the center par-ts of the longitudinal standards if), the .wall plates `2 are securely clamped in the boarding, even in case the boarding or the plates .or pai'melsshonld have become somewhat warpedafter ,repeat ed use. By means of this arrangement of cross Vbars the rentire boarding is, moreover, stitfened and tightly secured in position.

The binding` pieces 3 having redueedrand preferably vdove-tailed ends are engageable with Correspondingly shaped recesses 7 of the frame posts l, and make it possible `to erect the boardings for `the several st ,orics of the building on Atop ofthe already finished lower cast walls, and upon ceilings inamost simple manner, as shown 'for instance in Figure `5. By .means of the reduction of the dove-tailed lends from the full thickness of the Wood at Athe thinnest part `the binding pieees may beeasily inserted and yremoved from the recesses 7 ofthe frame posts l.l

The lower .binding pieces 3 remain in 1the cast Wall. After the `dovestails 8 Vhave been cut oil', the binding pieces 3 may preferably be used `as doWel pins, thus forinstanee for the fastening of the lower skirting l,or bottom boards. In erecting the boardings no special provision isrmade in the irst place 4for the positionof the yWindows and doors which may be mounted-'many suitable'place. The boarding is first made as a .continuous structure, and the openings for the doors and Windows :may be `provided by applying lining boards 12 of a thickness .corresponding to the intended .thickness of the cast .vall to the Window frames 17 (Figures 1, 2 and 6) or outer door framesand the like which are to be permanently secured in the Walls, the frames being thus inserted in. the correct `position in the boarding. These in sertion frames are secured in :the vertical and horizontal positions by means of ,loc-le ing pins l?) which may be detaclrably inser/ted in holesprovided in. the Walls 2 of the ,boarding according to requirements. Stiffcning ribs 15 (Figure 2 ,and Figs. G to 6b) of laths ma;v be nailed to the outer surface of the boarding for more securely retaining the boarding around the openings in .the

cast .or filled-in Wall, and foi` reinforcing the same against the pressure of the filling material, until the material of the cast Wall has suiiciently set. The outer boardings l2 are also permanently vretained in the wall; they constitute the -flanning of -the openings, and at the same time prevent any contact between the Wooden parts 17 of the Windows, and window and door frames Which are very' sensitive .to the action of moisture, With the moist and preferably thinly liquid cast-ing material. By the subsequent provision of covering bars or boards the joints Vbetween the Wood and the filling are covered up. These covering boards or lbars may be `nailed or screwed to ,the router boards 12 1in a very convenient and unobjectionablemanner simi,- lar to .the Vmounting of the Windouv boards or the like. Y

By means of this manner of mounting `doorsand Windows, it lbecomes possible to provide the corresponding ropenings at any suitable parts of the continuous boardings, and todirectly and `pelllfl,anently connect the vWindow-s, .doors and the like With the filling material. The otherwisevery boarding .of the Window flanning, and the subsequent insertionof the framing for the lopenings and the securing-of the same to the openings ,is thereby avoided, and there is .no further `necessity -of-additional,subsequent adjusting and other Work, anda perfectly tight connection ogf the boarding for the openings with lthe lilling is .thereby obtained.

lVhen .the `improved Wooden boarding yis .employed .for buildings from cast `material `as indicated the removal of the -boarding may be effected innnediately after the soliditicationof thefilling material vWithout lany disturbance oftheparts of thelcast Walls.

After removing the upper parts 1 of the frame 4the standards et andthe plates@ are detached, and then the bottom frame posts l are Withdrawn Ifrom the dove tails of the lower binding ,pieces 3. The 4enti-re boardinginaybe immediately assembled and lused over agaiinat some other place. The upper frame vpost-s l which have been detached in Vthe Irst place, maybe mounted as bottom l.pieces upon the new building ground, inasf muchasthe upper and ,loiver frame posts: 4employed are'perfectly identical, sof that there is no necessity `of waiting for Vthe `removal of the. Alower frame posts, when vt-he .ivoodenboarding y.is to be used over again. By this means a rgreat saving in time and labo-r is effected, inasmuch as the several parts of the boarding4 need not be uselessly laid array and lhandled when disassembling the saine, .but they .may vbe again assembled in the .inverse order and Arev-erected immediately. The entire construction is thusinverted, so to speak.

In a building erected from castimaterial difiicultin the manner described the finishing of the walls will only necessitate smoothing withl a thin coat ot plaster or the like, the mounting o't the covering bars or boards above referred to, and of the window boards at the boarding for the openings. Nor is there any necessity of inserting dowels forl the mounting of the bottom or squirting boards and of the window boards, inasmuch as the lower binding pieces 3 which remain in the walls by the cutting-ofi of the dove tails 8 serve as very tightly secured dowels, While the boardings 'for the openings serve as a means of' mounting the window boards.

The assembling of the boarding with the inclusion of the mounting of the boarding for the openings, and the entire construction vmay be etected in a comparatively short time, and in a very convenient manner by means of the improved construction of boarding even by unskilled labor without difficulty.

It is obvious that the manner of erecting and assembling the boarding` may be modified or changed according to local requirements within the meaning of the claims hereinafter appended. Thus for instance, the spring acting cross bars or collar beams of thel walls may be locked in position upon the upper and lower frame posts instead of on the longitudinal posts. In this case the bars or beams referred to would have to be comparatively longer and would have to constitute special standards or posts adapted to be rotated.

No claim is made in this specification to the window frame as this is claimed in my c-opending application for Letters Patent of the United States, Ser. No. 528,459, tiled January 11, 1922.

lhat I claim is l. False frame or scaffold for buildings to be made by pouring and which is to be erected in the complete height of a story, comprising uprights which are. inserted into lowermost and uppermost horizontal frame bars, boarding arranged between said uprights and forming mold walls, characterized in this that the boarding is pressed against the uprights from the inner surface bymeans of locking members which are rotatably mounted on that boarding.

2. Scaffolding, as set forth in claim l, and including spacers provided at their ends with tapering dove-tailed tenons and which are inserted by means of these tenons into suitable mortises or recesses oit the frame bars.

3. Detachable fra-ming for the erection of buildings from cast and filling material, comprising in combination detachably and substantially quadrangularly connected open frames arranged in pairs and in spaced relation to each other, binding pieces connecting said pairs, panels detachably engaging said pia-irs of open frames, spring acting bals in cont-act with said binding pieces and detachably connected to said open frames, said bars being held in place by frictional engagement.

4. Detachable framing for the erection of buildings from cast and iilling material, comprising in combination detachably and substantially quadrangularly connected open frames arranged in pairs and in spaced relation to each other, binding pieces detachably connecting said pairs, pannels detachably engaging with and lilling said open frames, spring acting means in contact with said binding pieces and detachably connected to said open frames, said bars being held in place by frictional engagement, open framings intermediate said binding-pieces and between the first mentioned open frames, and means for retaining the intermediate open framings.

5. False scaffolding, as set forth in claim l, Y

characterized in this that the frame bars at the top and at the bottom are provided with openings into which the uprights are to be inserted and, also with mortises, and spacers having their ends arranged is said mortises,

6. Detachable and disjointable boarding for building purposes, comprsing in combination upper and lower substantially rectangular disjointa-ble open frames of substantially identical shape, vertical standards detachably connecting said frames, pannels engageable between said standards, open framings intermediate said rectangular upper and lower frames, and means for detachably locking said intermediate framings in position.

7. Detachable and disjointable fra-ming, comprising upper and lower Jframe posts respectively rectangularly connected, vertical standards detachably connecting said frame posts, the said frame posts being of substantially identical shape and adapted to be inverted so as to allow of using the otherwise upper dismounted frame posts as lower frame posts in re-mounting, and window and door trainings between said frame posts and means for detachably locking said window and door trainings in position, and pannels detachably engageable with the .first mentioned frame posts, and means for retaining said pannels in position.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRIEDRICH ZOLLINGER.

Witnesses:

HnLAnn voN VESTRUM, EMORY H. Loan.

llO 

